element and entity declaration

[mika.kekkonen at vtt.fi]

1) If I have entity declarations in my dtd, do I need the element
declarations also? I have experience that I must have element declarations
in dtd, if I have dtd. For example file

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE MODULE SYSTEM "horse.dtd">
<MODULE>
&horse;
</MODULE> 

with horse.dtd

<!ENTITY horse "horsepower">

produces all the time result that I must have declaration of MODULE
element. Why? If I don't have entities, I don't need dtd at all. 

2) Which entities all xml parsers have to know without declarations? I know
that they can handle &amp;, but how about &auml; etc?

Thanks 

Mika 




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